Mixing Educator Basic Principle Engineering Essay

Mixing Educator Basic Principle Engineering Essay An educator is a device which mixes two liquids of different flow rates giving a solution of desired flow rate. Educators are made using a venturi design. It enables small pumps to circulate large volumes of tank solution. When pumping is used for solution agitation, the use of an educator will circulate four to five gallons of solution in the tank for every one gallon you pump. Fig 1.1: Mixing educator Basic principle It operates on the principle of flow dynamics pressurized fluid is accelerated through the nozzle to become a high velocity stream that entrains the tank content and intimately mixes with them. The combined stream exists the educator at a high velocity creating a flow field capable of causing additional agitation and mixing the tank contents. Tanks have used pumps without educators for solution mixing for years. Now with the usage of educators, the efficiency has been increased. Educators reduce the energy consumption of the pumps motors and will allow a smaller and less expensive pump to be used to perform the same job. Tank educators motive fluid may come from two sources. The tank liquid may be recirculated through the educator via and external pump or a secondary fluid maybe introduced into the tank. Secondary fluid can be liquid or a gas. Fig 1.2: Functioning of the Educator Usage Tank mixing educators are widely used in many applications to effectively and efficiently mix tank solutions. They offer many benefits over other approaches and are available in many different types of styles, sizes and materials. Tank Mixing Educators are used to agitate liquid, dissolve powdered solids in liquid, and to mix two or more liquids intimately within a tank or other vessel without the use of baffles or moving parts inside the tank. They are used to drain flooded cellars, empty tanks and sumps or bunds. Also used for pumping and mixing operations in oil treating systems. De-watering sand and coal barges, Introducing anti-knock fluids and colouring matter into gasoline. Continuous blending, Acidifying ,production of emulsions, Caustic zing of oils, Mixing drilling mud It can also be used to pump food products, sand and filter clay or activated carbon. Tank mixing. Educators are currently installed in the following types of re-circulating process tanks: Plating tanks Cleaning tanks Phosphate tanks E-coat paint tanks Sludge tanks Paint booths Anodizing tanks Cooling towers Fertilizer tanks Pulp tanks Decorative fountains Salt water aquariums Reef tanks Features As there are no moving parts in the educator, it minimizes the maintenance expenses. Optimum flow field enables more activity within the tank than competitive units without changing pumps. Compact design and ease of mounting prevents the educator from interfering with other tank equipment. The educator can be installed in a wide variety of open vessels or closed tanks.   It eliminates stratification and promotes a homogenous tank with relation to pH, temperature, solids or gas dispersion, and distribution of chemicals. As the educator can generate a directed flow field within the fluid being mixed including viscous fluids, slurries, and suspension ,it produces a unique agitation not available with other types of mixers. Liquids of different specific gravity can be mixed easily. It is excellent for scrubbing application. In-tank mounting eliminates the need for costly, complex mounting structures above tanks. Benefits Ensures homogeneous fluid mix throughout the tank. More thorough mixing results in solution uniformity such as temperature, pH level, solids/gas dispersion and chemical distribution which helps in ensuring product and process quality. Eliminates sludge build-up and reduces the tank cleaning time. Enables the usage of small pumps to circulate large volumes of tank solution. Smaller pumps are less costly to purchase- Units are small in relation to the work they do and cost is correspondingly low. Smaller pumps are less expensive to operate. Simplifies operation and maintenance as there are no moving parts it eliminates the need for compressed or blower air and the resulting oil contamination and/or ventilation problems. Self-Priming Educators are self-priming. They operate equally well in continuous or intermittent service. No Moving Parts Educators have a very simple design and are reliable. There are no moving parts to wear or break in a basic educator. Even when equipped with accessories such as regulating spindles, snap valves, float mechanisms only a little maintenance is required. Corrosion and Erosion Resistant Because they can be made of practically any workable material, or coated with corrosion-resistant materials, educators can be made highly resistant to the actions of the liquids handled or the environment in which located. Educators can be used in hazardous locations where electrically operated alternates would require explosion proofing at considerable cost .Hence they are very safe. Automatically Controlled Units can be adapted for automatic control by means of a pressure liquid regulating spindle or a snap-valve and float arrangement. Easy to Install Connections can be made to suit your piping requirements. Little space is required to accommodate units and they are normally so light in weight they can be supported by the piping to which they are attached. CHAPTER 2 TYPES OF EDUCATORS Water jet educators The Water Jet Educator is a type of ejector which utilizes the kinetic energy of a pressurized liquid to entrain another liquid, mix the two, and discharge the mixture against a counter pressure. These types of ejectors are used throughout industry for pumping, mixing and various other operations. During the operation, the pressure liquid enters the educator through the pressure nozzle producing a high velocity jet. This jet action creates a vacuum in the line which causes the suction liquid to flow up into the body of the educator where it is entrained by the pressure liquid. Both liquids are discharged against back pressure after being thoroughly mixed in the throat of the educator .The body with no pockets permits the pressure liquid to move straight through the educator and reduces the possibility of solids in the suction material collecting and clogging. In the suction chamber the pressure drop held to a minimum. Advantages: Low initial cost. Self-priming Easy to install Little or no maintenance required No moving parts No electrical connections required Fig 2.1: Water Jet Educators Automatic educators Automatic Water Jet Educators are used to pump out sumps where liquid accumulates slowly but must be evacuated when it has reached a predetermined level.As the liquid in the sump (basin, tank, cellar, bilge, etc.) is accumulated, it raises the ball float until the upward action of the float opens the snap-acting valve, admitting motive fluid into the pressure connection of the educator. The jet action of the motive fluid creates a vacuum in the educator and entrains the suction fluid, discharging both the fluids then. The sump level drops to a point where the snap acting valve shuts off ,as the suction fluid is pumped out. Pumping action does not take place until the sump again fills to the operating level. Advantages: Automatic operation. No electrical connection required. Only 2 moving parts- snap-acting valve and ball float. The full assembly is so compact it can be installed in tanks as small as 13 1/2 diameter. Condensate and mixing educator Fig 2.3: Condensate Educator These educators are designed to mix two liquids in various proportions in operations where the pressure liquid is the greater proportion of the mixture. In operation, the pressure liquid issues from the nozzle at high velocity and entrains the suction liquid. The high turbulence in the throat of the educator mixes the two liquids, blending and emulsifying thoroughly and completely. Colloidal suspensions are produced.. The pressure drop between the pressure liquid and the discharge should be at least 10 psi for adequate mixing, and the difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure should not exceed 75% of the difference between the operating pressure and the suction pressure. Applications: Removal of condensate Mixing gasoline Diluting acids and alkali Blending and proportionating chemical solutions Tank mixing educator It is done by mechanical agitation. They are used to agitate liquid, dissolve powdered solids in liquid, and to mix two or more liquids intimately within a tank without using baffles or moving parts inside the tank. Normally, the tank is filled by means of the educators. Mixing occurs as soon as the level of liquid in the tank covers the suction of the educator. In addition to the mixing obtained between the fluids in the educator, the jet action of the discharge from the educator serves to agitate the tank thus preventing stratification. Hopper equipped educator Hopper-Type Educators are made for handling slurries or dry solids in granular form and are used for ejecting sludges from tank bottoms, for pumping sand from filter beds and for washing and conveying granular materials. Typical materials handled include: borax, charcoal, diatomaceous earth, lime, mash, fly ash, rosin, rock and granulated salt, sand, dry sawdust, light soda ash, dry sodium nitrate, powdered sulphur, wheat and many others. Fig 2.5: Hopper Equipped Educator Advantages: no moving parts easy design (made from machine able or cast able materials) no maintenance required Water jet sand educator Water Jet Sand and Mud Educators are used in pumping out wells, pits, tanks, or sumps where there is an accumulation of sand, mud, or other material not easily handled by the standard educator. Heavy sludge residue can be handled easily from refining operations. They have an open suction and are designed to be submerged in the material being handled. The pressure liquid, passing through the nozzle, produces a high velocity jet which entrains the sludge or mud. Discharge then takes place through a vertical pipe or hose. Annular Multi-Nozzle Water Jet Educator Annular Multi-Nozzle Water Jet Educators are designed to handle solids and semi-solids. Water is introduced though the nozzles on the periphery. The pressure water creates a vacuum which draws in and entrains the material being handled. Fig 2.7: Multi -nozzle Water Jet Educator. Advantages: Highest efficiency Low discharge High air handling capacities. Plastic tank educators There are 2 types: PPL (Glass Reinforced Polypropylene) and PVDF (KYNAR ®). Educator circulation ratio of supply to discharge is1:5 Polypropylene (PPL) It is a polymer prepared catalytically from propylene which differs from HDPE by having an isotactic replacement of a hydrogen atom by a methyl group on alternate carbon atoms in the main chain. Although largely unreactive chemically the presence of the methyl groups makes Polypropylene slightly more susceptible to attack by strong oxidizing agents than HDPE. Quick Facts: Maximum Temperature: 275 °F 135 °C Minimum Temperature: 32 °F 0 °C Melting Point: 338 °F 170 °C   Tensile Strength: 4,500 psi   Hardness: R95   UV Resistance:  Poor   Translucent ,Rigid Specific Gravity: 0.90 Advantages: High temperature resistance Excellent resistance to dilute and concentrated acids, alcohols ,mineral oils . Good resistance to aldehydes, esters, aliphatic hydrocarbons. Limited resistance to aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons. KYNAR (PVDF): Is a high molecular weight thermoplastic polymer with excellent chemical inertness. Quick Facts: Melting point : 352 ° F Heat deflection at 66 psi (ASTM D 648) : 300 ° F Heat deflection at 264 psi (ASTM D 648) : 235 ° F Maximum serving temperature for short term : 340 ° F Maximum serving temperature for long term : 285 ° F Thermal conductivity (ASTM C 177) : 1.32 Btu-inch/hr-ft~2-  ° F Specific heat : 0.23 Btu/lb-  ° F Coefficient of linear thermal expansion (ASTM D 696) : 7.110~5 Applicable temperature range for thermal expansion : 50-300 ° F Advantages: Highly resistant to oxidizing agents and halogens. Completely resistant to aliphatic aromatics, alcohols, acids and chlorinated solvents. Resistant to most acids and bases. Mechanically strong Thermally stable Resistant to low temperatures Self-extinguishing Non-toxic High dielectric strength Stable to ultraviolet and extreme conditions. CHAPTER 3 CUSTOM TANK EDUCATOR MANIFOLD DESIGN Manifold designs can be customized for various applications. Shown below is a type of design used by various industries for a number of applications. The main advantage of such a design is that it is highly efficient. Fig 31: Manifold Design CHAPTER 4 TYPES OF COATING 4.1 Fusion Bonded Coating A single coating offers excellent abrasion resistance that it can withstand the punishment of sand blasting.5-3 mils thick coating can be applied. Fig 4.1 Machine able Excellent Abrasion Resistance 300 ° F Continuous Service Impact Resistant Withstands Saltwater Environment Self-Lubrication Electrical Insulation 4.2 Edathon Coating This coating is applied by electrostatic powder spray or fluidized powder bed. Its strength, radiation resistance, wear resistance and creep resistance are greater than those of other fluoropolymers such as PTFF,FEP or PEA. Excellent Corrosion Resistance Excellent Abrasion Resistance 300 ° F Continuous Service Good Non-Stick Characteristics Excellent Dielectric Insulation Resistance to radiation High chemical and temperature resistant Fig: 4.2 Edathon Coating Edathon Coated Tank Nozzle CHAPTER 5 DESIGHNING OF AN EDUCATOR 5.1 Materials of Construction Carbon steel 316 SS Bronze PVC PPL PVDF Titanium Teflon Fiberglass 5.2 Design and Dimensions As it is one of the most cost-efficient and effective ways for manufacturers to get the best performance from their re-circulating process tanks, it is easy to see why tank mixing educators are the design of choice for all major manufacturers. To obtain optimal mixing performance, it is important to understand these product differences and how to specify and install educators. Liquid mixing educators consists of a nozzle, a venture and a body to hold parts in their relative positions and to provide a suction chamber. Additional accessories such as regulating spindles, snap values and floats for controlled agitation can also be added to the design. Liquid jet educators are manufactured in a variety of types and sizes as well as materials .The standard type are: 264 type-0.5 inch to 6 inch 266 type-0.5 inch to 6 inch 242 type-0.5 inch to 24 inch Before determining the correct type and size of the educator certain variables such as pressure, temperature, density required ,entrainment rates and operating conditions must all be considered. Fig 5.2 Design Fig 5.3: Dimensions of an Educator Table 1: Types of educators Dimension A Dimension B Dimension C Dimension D Size Max Free Passage IN (mm) IN (mm) IPS (mm) IN (mm) 3/8 0.2656 5.00 (127) 2.50 (64) 3/8 MNPT (10) .50 (12) 3/4 0.4062 7.25 (184) 3.69 (94) 3/4 MNPT (20) .81 (20) 1-1/2 0.5625 10.88 (276) 5.50 (140) 1-1/2 FNPT (40) 1.12 (28) 2 0.8125 14.50 (368) 7.69 (195) 2 FNPT (50) 1.62 (41) 3 1.1875 22.00 (559) 11.75 (298) 3 FNPT (80) 2.50 (63) 4 consult 25.00 (635) 12.00 (305) 4 FNPT (100) 3.00 (76) 6 consult 35.00 (889) 25.00 (635) 6 FNPT (150) 4.50 (114) CHAPTER 6 WORKING As the motive liquid enters the tank contents into the suction openings ,a thorough mixing takes place within the unit before being discharged. Further mixing and agitation is provided by the discharge flow within the tank. The motive fluid is drawn from the tank. Requirements for Mixing: Minimum inlet pressure 10 PSIG Maximum inlet pressure 100 PSIG For efficient operation the inlet pressure should be within the range of 20 to 70 PSIG. As the solution is pumped through an educators orifice, a low pressure area is created that acts to pull solution from behind the bell shape of the educator and direct the solution out of the bell end.  Ã‚  For each gallon of solution that is pumped through the educator, five gallons of additional solution is circulated within the tank. Fig 6.1: Working CHAPTER 7 GUIDELINES FOR SPECIFYING MIXING EDUCATORS Step 1: Determine the needed turnover rate: How many times per hour does the tank solution need to circulate through the educators? The answer is application dependent and based on solution viscosity and the number of particulates. A general rule of thumb is 20 turnovers per hour. Some typical guidelines are given below: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Plating and rinsing tanks: 10 to 20 turnovers per hour although (some plating tanks may require more than 30 turnovers per hour). à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Cleaning tanks: at least 10 turnovers per hour à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Heavily soiled tanks: up to 20 turnovers per hour à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Critical cleaning tanks: more than 20 turnovers per hour. Step 2: Calculate the needed flow rate: Multiply the turnover rate by the tank volume and then divide by 60. Example: Let, turnover rate/hr. =10; Tank volume=800 gallons Then 10 x 800=800 gph Now 8000 à · 60 =133.3 gpm Step 3: Determine the needed inlet flow rate: As educators mix at a 5:1 ratio, take the gallons (litters) per minute and divide by 5. Example: 133.3 à · 5 = 26.7 gpm Step 4: Determine the educator size required with the help of the performance table. Step 5: Determine how many educators you need: Multiple educators may be used to obtain the needed flow rate or to prevent stagnation which is a common problem in square and rectangular tanks. In general, using multiple educators in larger tanks will provide more effective mixing than one centrally located educator. Step6: Determine the educator placement: As little agitation occurs below the level of the educator, in order to obtain maximum liquid turnover, the educators should be positioned as close as possible to the bottom of the tank. If settling cannot be tolerated, install the educators 1 (.3 m) above the bottom of the tank. Educators should be placed so the flow field will reach the farthest and highest liquid level at the opposite side of the tank. Mounting adapters are available to direct flow as needed. The educators should be placed 12 (.3 m) apart for uniform and even agitation. CHAPTER 8 OBSERVATIONS AND CALCULATIONS Mathematical Model The educator designed here is made up of fiberglass and is based on the operating data for type 264. For the test the eductant used is water and the suction fluid used is blue ink. Eductant pressure, suction head and discharge pressure were varied and the eductant and suction flows were measured. For example: The following table shows the values calculate when using a .48 educator, with 15 PSI pressure available. The flow rate through the nozzle will be 25 GPM-The total amount circulated will be 125 GPM. Table 2: Observations Size orifice and NPT connection Pressure (PSI) 8 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Nozzle Flow (USGPM) .20 1/4 NPT 3.2 3.5 4.3 5.0 5.5 6.1 6.6 7.0 .30   Ã‚   3/8   6.2 7.5 9.2 10.7 11.9 13.1 14.1 15 .37 3/4 11.8 13.5 17 19 21 23 25 27 .48 1 18.7 21 25 29 33 36 39 42 .62 1 1/2 33 41 47 53 58 63 67 8.2 Graphical Analysis The graph for flow vs. pressure drop was calculated for different diameters is show below: Fig 8.2 : Graphical Analysis (Flow Vs Pressure Drop) 8.3 Performance Table Table 3:Performance and observation The values for the designed educator we measured and tabulated below: Size IPS Pressure Difference, PSI 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 120 140 Motive Flow (GPM) 7.1 10.0 12.3 14.2 15.8 17.4 18.7 20.1 21.3 22.4 24.6 26.5 3/8 MNPT Outlet Flow (GPM) 35 50 61 71 79 87 88 90 91 92 94 96 Max. Plume Length 4 8 12 16 22 29 36 43 50 58 72 86 Table 4:Performance Study The estimated values for the educators of various other sizes are tabulated below: 3/4 MNPT Motive Flow (GPM) 15.4 21.8 26.7 30.8 34.5 37.8 40.8 43.6 46.3 48.8 53.4 57.7 Outlet Flow (GPM) 77 109 134 154 172 189 192 195 197 200 204 209 Max. Plume Length (FT) 5 11 17 24 33 42 53 64 74 85 106 127 Motive Flow (GPM) 30.8 43.6 53.4 61.6 68.9 75.5 81.5 87.2 92.5 97.5 107 115 1-1/2 FNPT Outlet Flow (GPM) 154 218 267 306 345 378 384 389 395 400 409 417 Max. Plume Length (FT) 7.5 16 24 34 46 60 75 90 105 120 150 180 2 FNPT Motive Flow (GPM) 61.6 87.2 107 123 138 151 163 174 185 195 214 231 Outlet Flow (GPM) 308 436 534 616 689 755 767 778 789 799 818 835 Max. Plume Length (FT) 11 23 34 48 65 85 106 12 148 170 212 255 Motive Flow (GPM) 142 201 246 283 317 347 375 401 426 449 491 531 3 FNPT Outlet Flow (GPM) 708 1,003 1,228 1,417 1,585 1,737 1,764 1,790 1,815 1,836 1,880 1,920 Max. Plume Length (FT) 16 34 51 73 99 129 161 193 225 257 322 386 4 Flanged Motive Flow (GPM) 246 349 427 493 551 604 652 698 740 780 856 920 Outlet Flow (GPM) 1,232 1,744 2,136 2,448 2,760 3,024 3,072 3,112 3,160 3,200 3,272 3,336 Max. Plume Length (FT) 22 41 60 95 132 164 196 228 260 295 360 424 6 Flanged Motive Flow (GPM) 493 698 854 986 1,102 1,208 1,304 1,395 1,480 1,560 1,712 1,840 Outlet Flow (GPM) 2,464 3,488 4,272 4,896 5,520 6,048 6,144 6,224 6,320 6,400 6,544 6,672 8 Flanged Motive Flow (GPM) 986 1,395 1,709 1,971 2,205 2,416 2,608 2,790 2,960 3,120 3,424 3,680 Outlet Flow (GPM) (FT) 4,928 6,976 8,544 9,792 11,040 12,096 12,384 12,448 12,640 12,800 13,088 13,344 10 Flanged Motive Flow (GPM) 1,971 2,790 3,418 3,942 4,410 4,832 5,216 5,581 5,920 6,240 6,848 7,360 Outlet Flow (GPM) 9,856 13,952 17,088 19,584 22,080 24,192 24,576 24,896 25,344 25,600 26,176 26,688 CHAPTER 9 CONCLUSION This report consists of the basic principle, the design and a performance study of the mixing educator. Chapter 1 is basically an introduction to the topic and summarizes the principle, applications, features and advantages of the educator. Chapter 2 summarizes the different types of educators used in the industries today. Chapter 3 shows the different custom made designs. Chapter 4 shows the types of coatings used on the educators and its advantages. Chapter 5 summarizes the designing of the educator. Its consists of the educators of different dimensions and their construction. Chapter 7 summarizes the guidelines for specifying the educator. Chapter 8 consists the mathematical model and the performance study. Tanks have used pumps without educators for solution mixing for years .Now with the usage of educators ,the efficiency has been increased .Educators reduce the energy consumption of the pumps motors and will allow a smaller and less expensive pump to be used to perform the same job CHAPTER 10 REFRENCES Robert D. Blevins, Applied Fluid Dynamics Handbook, 1984. Crane Co., Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings and Pipe, 1988 J. R. Lawson, Educator Testing for Waste Dilution, Dec. 28, 1981. Otis, R. H., Preliminary Design Study for an Enhanced Mixing Educator for Gas Turbine Exhaust Systems, Masters Thesis, Restricted Distribution, Naval Postgraduate School, March 1998. Stephen W. Dudar,Preliminary Design Study of an Enhanced Mixing Educator System for the LHA (R) Gas Turbine Exhaust  [Chapter 5]. Robert H. Perry, Cecil H. Chilton, Sidney D. Kirkpatrick, Chemical Engineers Handbook, Fourth Ehtion, 1963.

Famous Immigrant Entrepreneur from Pakistan in USA Essay

Edible Arrangements is a U. S. -based franchising business that specializes in fresh fruit arrangements, melding the concept of fruit baskets with design inspired by the floral business The company is headed by Tariq Farid, who partnered with his brothers to open the first Edible Arrangements store in Hamden, Connecticut in 1999. After designing the computer systems, training manuals, production and profitability tracking and supply chain management process, they began franchising the concept in 2001. As of 2008, the business had grown to more than 900 stores serving locations in the United States, Canada, Puerto Rico, the United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. In March 2008 Edible Arrangements was reported to have annual revenues of $195 million Netsolace Netsolace is a technology company that provides groundbreaking technology solutions for the franchise industry. For franchisors seeking the ultimate control over their businesses, both in terms of relationship management and operational efficiency, Netsolace offers a suite of proven software solutions that enables better monitoring, communications and data management at each stage of the franchise lifecycle. Our comprehensive suite of convenient and flexible web-based applications can be accessed from anywhere. They are designed to support both the franchisor and franchisee business needs and provide real time information for comprehensive data analysis and management reporting. To see how we can help you, please review our site or contact us. We will be happy to answer your questions and demonstrate how our solutions can help your business and its bottom line. Life History Tariq Farid was born near Lahore, Pakistan, in 1969, the oldest of six children of Glulam and Salma Farid. His father immigrated to the United States in the 1970s, working in Connecticut as a machinist. Tariq Farid arrived in the United States with the rest of the family in 1981, when he was 11 years old. As a teenager, Tariq mowed lawns and worked in a McDonald’s restaurant. In 1986, when he was 17, the family bought and began operating a flower shop in East Haven, Connecticut. While working in the family business, which expanded to additional locations, Tariq developed a computerized point of sale system for floral shops, and struck out on his own in 1991 in a business selling computer systems to flower retailers. Tariq launched the first Edible Arrangements ® store in 1999 in East Haven, Connecticut. He was inspired by the convergence of three trends: Americans’ growing consumption of fresh fruit, the robust growth in the specialty food market and the increasing amount of money Americans were spending on gifts. Edible Arrangements ® was named one of America’s fastest-growing privately held businesses in America by Inc. magazine and one of the top franchise systems in Entrepreneur Magazine’s Franchise 500. Tariq has four pending U. S. patents for proprietary fruit-cutting equipment that he designed. Achievements In 2009 Tariq was recognized as Entrepreneur of the Year by the International Franchise Association. IN 2009 Tariq was named the Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year. He spoke at the 3rd Leadership Summit held by the council for the advancement of Muslim Professionals and at the Small Business Summit held by The New York Times. Tariq Farid was born in Pakistan in 1969 and immigrated to the United States at age 11. He grew up in West Haven, Connecticut and became a U. S. citizen in 1986. He developed the Salma K Farid Academy, a non-profit learning and community center, to honor the wishes of his late mother whom he credits as the inspiration for his success, and the Salma K Farid Foundation to provide for those in need Current Capital 700 Million Dollars His Interview Published in New York Time I WAS born in Pakistan and came to the United States in 1981, when I was 11. My grandfather owned a farm in Pakistan and we had been fairly well-to-do. We started at the bottom when we came here. My father found a job as a machinist during the day and worked at McDonald’s and Burger King at night. All five of my siblings pitched in. I delivered newspapers to 300 houses. Instead of putting the paper into the mailbox, I’d deliver it to the door. I got great tips. When I was 13, a flower shop hired me to water the flowers. Soon I was taking care of orders. By 16, I had learned a lot. One day my father found a flower shop for sale in the paper. The owner wanted $6,000. My dad asked me if I could run the shop, and I said sure. We got a cash advance and a loan from a friend. I thought I’d negotiate, and asked the owner what terms he was offering. He looked at me as if to say, â€Å"What can this kid possibly know? † We opened a week before Easter and earned about $50 a day. I stayed open until 7 p. m. , seven days a week, because few other flower shops did. I thought $350 a week was wonderful. Soon, sales doubled, and I was shocked. Five years later, we had three shops and were making close to $1 million a year. I said we needed to make more, about $5,000 a day. My mother asked me if I remembered when I was making $50 a day and she suggested that I relax. I told her that it never really ends, and that I could achieve that goal. It was a lot of work. I didn’t really have a social life. We stayed open on holidays. On my way to high school, I’d drop off my mother at the shop. She spoke no English, so I told her what to do to supervise the two employees. After school I’d make flower arrangements and deliver them myself until I could hire a driver. I attended college part-time, but I started weighing the benefit against what I was making. I decided to put off school, and I never finished. I was so young when I started a career that I blindly jumped into it. Edible Arrangements, which I started in 1999 with my brother, Kamran, goes back to our roots. In Pakistan, my father always brought home tons of fruit for us. When we started the company, we created basic fruit arrangements that included fresh pineapple, strawberries, cantaloupe and more, and later added extras like chocolate and cinnamon toppings. We got 30 orders the first day. We had learned from our flower stores, so this time did everything right. A stranger asked about opening a store, which gave us the idea to franchise them. I knew nothing about the franchise industry, so I contacted an association for the names of experts and found Michael Seid. He gave great advice. I’ve started several other companies. One is Frutation by Edible Arrangements, which includes salads and fruit drinks. They’re sold in Edible Arrangements stores and stand-alone stores. I also started Netsolace, which provides software for the franchise industry. Another, Berry Direct, offers containers, vases and other products to our Edible Arrangements franchisees and other companies. I just started the Farid Capital Corporation; a financing company that helps franchisees buy equipment. When I was starting out, I used to give my mother $50 a week. When I wanted to buy a building for our second Edible Arrangements location, I needed $40,000 more than I had. My mother had saved the money I gave her over the years and handed it back to me. She asked only that I do something in her name someday and give her $20,000 for my sister’s wedding. When my mother passed away in 2000, I started a foundation in her memory. The organization built a hospital in Pakistan for needy people and an Islamic school in the United States.

Nurses Notes Essay

Writing stays with you throughout your entire life, though you may not believe so. Hidden in your thoughts about your future career is the idea that writing will be part of your profession. After doing extensive research, I now realize how much writing will be involved with my chosen profession, a registered nurse. Writing in nursing can range from short, concise works to long, detailed, complex works. Writing as a nurse contains nurse’s notes, documentation, written reports, health records, flowcharts, care-plans, narratives, and if desired, professional journals for publication. The position within in the field also plays a role with the amount of writing needed to be done. The head of a department takes part in a lot more writing than a nurse. A head of a department holds a variety of duties when it comes to writing such as: staff proposals, budget proposals, department operations, policies and procedures, and protocols. A nurse must be able to follow the basic writing standards: writing clear, concise, and grammatically correct sentences, use proper punctuation, and demonstrate critical thought. Nurses are also expected to learn how to present information succinctly with their work being accessible to anyone who may read it. Nurses aim to write work that can be used in both clinical aspects of discipline and research. The field of nursing requires a nurse to be able to write swiftly and accurately. Nurses must also always be prepared to define their recorded information and writing. Records must be clear, concise, complete and accurate. The clichà © that is universally known, the job is not complete until the paperwork is completed is more true in health care than in any other profession, referring to the fact that a lot of writing is done in this workforce. Types of Writing: Nursing as a profession contains many different types of writing. Nurse’s notes are records that nurses who directly care for the patient, continuously record information. This includes the patient’s symptoms, medications given, and scheduled procedures or activities. Documentation reflects the care the care the nurse has or has not provided to the patient. Documentation is the nurse’s only form of legal proof that they did or did not do something for the patient. Nurse’s look at documentation as important as the actual care they are providing for their patient. Hands-on care and documentation carries equal importance in the eyes of a registered nurse. Documentation then becomes art of the patient’s medical record after the patient is either discharged or no longer living. Written reports are needed when the care of a patient is given over to another nurse. I interviewed Sharon Doll, a registered nurse at Glendive Medical Center who states that these written reports are very rare. â€Å"It is highly unlikely that you as a registered nurse will have to give the care of your patient over to another nurse.† (Personal interview, November 23, 2012) Health records, or medical records, consist of the accumulation of nurse’s notes. The records are held on file at the hospital and are referred to when needed. Health records consist of prescriptions prescribed to the patient, x-ray results, test results, reports, blood type, allergies and other important information about the patient that the care providers may need to be aware of. Recently, health records have transferred to being electronic, taking away from the writing perspective. Assessment check-boxes go hand-in-hand with health records as well, which are the summary of the symptoms of the patient. Flowcharts simply show the process that has been taken while caring for patients. They show the sequence in which the patient has followed. This is a concise review of the patient’s history and the care that was provided. Care-plans outline the nursing care that is to be provided to the patient. It is a set of actions that the nurse will take to provide the necessary care for the patient in hopes of full recovery. A care-plan consists of three parts: definition of the problem, intervention and/or solutions, and the evaluation of success or intervention and/or solution. Many times, care-plans are set out by the doctor because the doctor is not as available as the nurse. Care-plans are usually completed day-by-day and sort of run on a schedule. Narratives are important in nursing communication and important in the aspect of capturing the patient’s history and also the treatment they received. Narratives use standard abbreviations, are not written in first person, instead they refer to themselves as â€Å"the nurse†, and finally, rely on the communication with others. Professional journals for publication are optional for nurses but are quite popular. Journals are a compiled of the nurse’s experience, clinical practices, and their theoretical approaches and/or opinions. Nurses write journals to inform their audience, primarily formed of nursing students. Nurse’s journals give other people a first-hand look at their point of view and their job. If a nurse rises to the head of a department, he/she will face more writing than that of a registered nurse. Staff proposals and budget proposals are simply directed within the department. A staff proposal consists of the duties of the staff and the expectations they are held to. Budget proposals consist of the budget throughout the department and how it will be distributed. Department operations are the operations the department can fulfill. These include the day-to-day functioning of the department. Policies and procedures review the policies by which the employees must follow and the procedures they take before handling care for a patient. Finally, protocols refer to the steps of the procedures and experiments that are conducted by the department. Reflection: Montana State University prepares students to be successful in their chosen field. MSU offers Writing 101 and also University Seminar that covers the writing aspect. I think the preparation of MSU for nursing students and writing is sufficient due to the fact that the majority of the junior year in the pre-nursing major simply consists of all nursing classes. These classes will also review all aspects of nursing, including the writing that a registered nurse will complete within the profession. Conclusion: Overall, I was unaware of all the writing that was needed in the profession of a registered nurse. I did not think that I would do more than simply taking nurse’s notes. With these findings, I am very grateful for the writing courses offered at Montana State University.

Is Beowulf A Hero, Brave, Or Selfless - 721 Words

Imagine that you are the hero of a village. You are the person that everyone looks up to- you have all the fame and fortune you could possibly want. But, this doesn’t just come to you on a silver platter. There are risks to take, challenges to overcome, and lives to be put at stake. You must defeat creatures of all sizes and strengths to gain this honorary title. This is Beowulf’s reality as he must conquer unbelievable tasks that nobody else would dare to face. Because of this, Beowulf is recognized as a boasting person, brave, and selfless; and rightfully so. With every hero comes accomplishments that they want others to know about. In other words, Beowulf blurts out his personal resume to show others that he is the bravest man alive.†¦show more content†¦This shows that Beowulf is still showing no signs of fear at the point where others would have run away. All in all, Beowulf is a very brave person that can succeed at almost anything he is faced with. Although boasting and bravery are strong qualities, you also need to have a little bit of a warm heart to be a hero. Beowulf is selfless, a important word to signify that he would do anything to protect others. The first quote to show of Beowulf’s selflessness is, â€Å"I mean to stand, not run from his shooting Flames, stand till fate decides Which of us wins.† (638-639). This means that Beowulf is standing his ground until fate takes its course, which is selfless because he is giving his life up if that is what fate decides in order to rid of the dragon. Another notable text from the book is, â€Å"A prince of the Geats, had killed Grendel. Ended the grief, the sorrow, the suffering forced on Hrothgars helpless people by a bloodthirsty fiend. No Dance doubted the Victory.† (404-408). It can clearly be inferred that the people of the land were in ‘grief’, ‘sorrow’ and were ‘suffering’ because of Grendel. But, because Beow ulf defeated him that grief and sorrow has been eased. Beowulf wants fame and fortune, but to also help the people who need it. Beowulf has done and said many things that that earned him the titles of boasting, selfless, and boasting. He has saved countlessShow MoreRelatedCompare And Contrast Sir Gawain And Beowulf930 Words   |  4 Pagessomething such as brave, noble, or selfless in the eyes of the people that are around them. All heroes have done something that has helped out for the good of another person, even if they are doing it for their own personal benefit. Heroes are those who have the strength and courage to solve a problem when it could or was not done by anyone else. Sir Gawain and Beowulf are heroes in literature who have done something important and have come to the rescue of others. Sir Gawain and Beowulf from these differentRead MoreThe Similarities Of An Epic Hero In Beowulf And Iron Man1183 Words   |  5 PagesPeople believe being a hero means saving the worl d, but that is not always true. In Beowulf and Iron Man, the use of theme and qualities of an epic hero are used to portray that they are similar and different. Three qualities that an epic hero must have are to be courageous, to have superhuman strength, and to be selfless. The theme in Beowulf and Iron Man is triumph because they both overcome challenging obstacles. The theme helps the reader in real life because that person will have to overcomeRead MoreTheme Of Evil In Beowulf996 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf versus Evil   Ã‚  Ã‚   Heroes can be in our everyday life or someone you’ve seen only once but all of our heroes have something in common. Their heroic traits make up who they are and some character traits my heroes have in common are kindness, courage, intelligence, and empathy. Beowulf is also a hero in my eyes because he possesses all of these traits and more. What traits do your heroes have in common? Robert Nye’s long poem, Beowulf: a New Telling, is a fictional long poem about a hero, BeowulfRead MoreThe Importance of Helping Others1022 Words   |  5 Pagesexplains my experience because we were going to give up and that was what was right we believed we could not but we kept trying and found out that we could. The subjects from the assigned literature represent the distance of personal traits from the brave to the nefarious, and those with less dramatic characteristics. Man in the Water is a story about a plane that crashes into the Potomac river and the last survivors are floating in the water waiting for rescue. The water is freezing and the helicopterRead MoreBeowulf: The Selfless Hero Essay examples722 Words   |  3 PagesBeowulf: The Selfless Hero Beowulf is an epic poem that describes the heroics of a man with superhuman strength and bravery to go with it. The poem starts with a journey across the sea to defeat an enemy that has plagued the land of Herot for twelve years. The poem ends with Beowulf’s final deed of defeating a dragon that was plaguing his own land, but with the defeat of the dragon also comes the death of Beowulf. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is a poem of bravery by one of King Arthur’s knightsRead MoreHeroism : Beowulf And Cuchallain928 Words   |  4 Pageson who might qualify to be a hero. While a few people could qualify to be called a hero, many people have done some heroic things at some point in their life; Beowulf and Cuchallain demonstrated heroism through their actions. A hero in the medieval times is considered to be someone that is a noble character that fights for his honor or the honor of his kingdom or community and also someone that is willing to risk his or her life for the greater good. Beowulf was a brave man that volunteered to fightRead MoreBeowulf : Characteristics Of An Epic Hero978 Words   |  4 Pages2Y English 12 20/11/17 Beowulf: Characteristics of an Epic Hero In Anglo-Saxon literature and culture, to be considered a hero was to also be considered a warrior/ soldier. To be a hero, you had to not only be strong but you also had to be smart, and have plenty of courage. These warriors were willing to face any type of trials and tribulations at any odd. These types of heroic warriors would fight to the death to obtain glory and save their people. The Anglo-Saxon hero needed to possess all ofRead MoreEpic Heroism Is Epitomized By The Anglo Saxon Warrior1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthe remarkable Anglo-Saxon warrior Beowulf, the protagonist of a powerful poem named for this exemplar. True to a legendary hero, Beowulf embodies qualities of virtue and strength that are unparalleled in the common man. His youth is characterized by awesome displays of physical strength, unmatched by others. Beyond his brawny, unyielding exterior, there exists a compilation of equally mighty virtues that endure and motivate him throughout his life. Beowulf is compe lled by loyalty, lineage andRead MoreBeowulf : The Epic Poem From The Anglo Saxon Period950 Words   |  4 PagesBeowulf, the longest epic poem from the Anglo-Saxon period, has a protagonist named Beowulf. A hero of the Geats and forthcoming king, the title character comes to the aid of Hrothgar, king of the Danes, whose kingdom was under attack by a monster known as Grendel. Both are great kings, wise and noble, but what truly makes a king great? Is it the accolades or honors that one receives or does it go beyond that? Two different cultures, two different men, but two great kings; Beowulf was describedRead MoreGrendel And Beowulf Comparison1192 Words   |  5 PagesDaddy like the hero Beowulf or the monster Grendel? The answer can be found by comparing my Daddy, Beowulf, and Grendel on their character, actions, and the impact they have on others. A persons character says a lot about them, in a way it is what defines them. Your character is what you are known for. Beowulf, a fictional hero in the epic poem, â€Å"Beowulf† is perceived to be a very noble, honorable, good man. No, man would not do justice, for he is a hero. A strong and courageous hero who stands by